6. Fair Value Measurements

The Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, trade receivables, net and accounts payable, approximate their fair value due to their short maturities. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The accounting guidance for fair value establishes a framework for measuring fair value and a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in valuation techniques. The accounting standard describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value which are the following:

Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Observable inputs, either directly or indirectly, other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities; therefore, requiring an entity to develop its own valuation techniques and assumptions.

The following tables set forth the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows (in thousands):

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Transfers to and from Levels 1, 2, and 3 are recognized at the end of the reporting period. On June 30, 2021, the Company’s equity investment in Rezolute’s common stock transferred from Level 3 to Level 1. In reporting periods prior to June 30, 2021, the Company applied an illiquidity discount to the fair value of Rezolute’s common stock due to the lack of trading volume, resulting in classification as Level 3. Since June 30, 2021, there has been sufficient and consistent trading volume on the Nasdaq Stock Market to provide an estimate of fair value utilizing quoted prices in an active market for the identical securities as of the reporting date, resulting in classification as Level 1. There were no transfers between levels during 2020.

Equity Securities

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balance for the Level 3 financial assets recurring fair value measurement for the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

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The equity securities consisted of an investment in Rezolute’s common stock and are classified on the consolidated balance sheets as current assets as of December 31, 2021, and long-term assets as of December 31, 2020. The reclassification from noncurrent to current assets was due to the equity securities achieving sufficient and consistent trading volume on the Nasdaq Stock Market during the second quarter of 2021. The equity securities are revalued each reporting period with changes in fair value recorded in the other (expense) income, net line item of the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company and its valuation specialist, valued the equity securities using the closing price for Rezolute’s common stock traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market and adjusted for an illiquidity discount. The inputs that were used to calculate the illiquidity discount were based on observable and unobservable estimates and judgments and therefore were classified as a Level 3 fair value measurement. As the Company has the right and option to sell up to 100,000 shares of Rezolute’s common stock back to Rezolute after December 31, 2019 (Note 4), the fair value of the equity securities was determined by dividing the total shares of Rezolute’s common stock held by the Company into two tranches based on the estimated time to a potential liquidity event.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company valued the equity securities using the closing price for Rezolute’s common stock traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The inputs that were used to calculate the fair value of the equity securities were observable prices in active markets and therefore were classified as a Level 1 fair value measurement.

The closing price of Rezolute’s common stock as per the Nasdaq Stock Market was $4.78 and $11.99 as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The estimated fair value of the equity securities as of December 31, 2020 was calculated based on the following assumptions:

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Changes in any of the assumptions related to the unobservable inputs identified above may change the fair value of the equity securities.

Contingent Consideration

The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability at the inception of the Bioasis RPA represents the future consideration that is contingent upon the achievement of specified development milestones for a product candidate. The fair value measurement is based on significant Level 3 inputs such as anticipated timelines and probability of achieving development milestones of each licensed product candidate.

The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability at the inception of the Affitech CPPA represents the future consideration that is contingent upon the achievement of specified regulatory milestones. The fair value measurement is based on significant Level 3 inputs such as anticipated timelines and probability of achieving regulatory milestones.

Changes in the fair value of the liability for contingent consideration will be recorded in the other (expense) income, net line item of the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income until settlement. As of December 31, 2021, there were no changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration recorded pursuant to the Bioasis RPA and Affitech CPPA from the initial values of $0.1 million and $8.0 million, respectively.