12. Capital Stock

Biotechnology Value Fund Financing

In February 2017, the Company sold 1,200,000 shares of its common stock and 5,003 shares of Series X convertible preferred stock directly to Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P. and certain of its affiliates (“BVF”) in a registered direct offering, for aggregate net cash proceeds of $24.9 million.

BVF purchased the shares of common stock from the Company at a price of $4.03 per share, the closing stock price on the date of purchase. Each share of Series X convertible preferred stock has a stated value of $4,030 per share and is convertible into 1,000 shares of registered common stock based on a conversion price of $4.03 per share of common stock. The total number of shares of common stock issued upon conversion of all issued Series X convertible preferred stock will be 5,003,000 shares. Each share is convertible at the option of the holder at any time, provided that the holder will be prohibited from converting into common stock if, as a result of such conversion, the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own a number of shares above a conversion blocker, which is initially set at 19.99% of the total common stock then issued and outstanding immediately following the conversion of such shares. As of March 31, 2017, BVF owned approximately 19.8% of the Company’s total outstanding shares, and if all of the Series X convertible preferred shares were converted, BVF would own 51.7% of the Company’s total outstanding common shares. As of March 31, 2017, none of the preferred stock has been converted into shares of the Company’s common stock.

The designations, preferences, rights and limitations of the convertible preferred shares are set forth in a Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series X convertible preferred stock filed with the Delaware Secretary of State. Shares of Series X convertible preferred stock will generally have no voting rights, except as required by law and except that the consent of the holders of the outstanding Series X convertible preferred stock will be required to amend the terms of the Series X preferred stock and to approve certain corporate actions. In the event of the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Series X convertible preferred stock will participate, on a pro-rata basis, with any distribution of proceeds to holders of common stock. Holders of Series X convertible preferred stock are entitled to receive dividends on shares of Series X convertible preferred stock equal (on an as if converted to common stock basis) to and in the same form as dividends actually paid on the Company’s common stock or other junior securities.

The Company evaluated the Series X convertible preferred stock for liability or equity classification under the applicable accounting guidance, and determined that equity treatment was appropriate because the Series X convertible preferred stock did not meet the definition of the liability instruments defined thereunder for convertible instruments. Specifically, the Series X convertible preferred shares are not mandatorily redeemable and do not embody an obligation to buy back the shares outside of the Company’s control in a manner that could require the transfer of assets. Additionally, the Company determined that the Series X convertible preferred stock would be recorded as permanent equity, not temporary equity, based on the relevant guidance given that they are not redeemable for cash or other assets (i) on a fixed or determinable date, (ii) at the option of the holder, and (iii) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within control of the Company.

The Company has also evaluated the embedded conversion and redemption features within the Series X convertible preferred stock in accordance with the accounting guidance for derivatives. Based on this assessment, the Company determined that the conversion option is clearly and closely related to the equity host, and thus, bifurcation is not required. The contingent redemption feature was determined to not be clearly and closely related to the equity-like host; however, it met the criteria as a scope exception for derivative accounting. Therefore, the contingent redemption feature was also not bifurcated from the Series X convertible preferred stock.

The fair value of the common stock into which the Series X convertible preferred stock is convertible exceeded the allocated purchase price of the Series X convertible preferred stock by $5.6 million on the date of issuance, as such the Company recorded a deemed dividend. The Company recognized the resulting beneficial conversion feature as a deemed dividend equal to the number of shares of Series X convertible preferred stock sold on February 16, 2017 multiplied by the difference between the fair value of the common stock and the Series X convertible preferred stock effective conversion price per share on that date. The dividend was reflected as a one-time, non-cash, deemed dividend to the holders of Series X convertible preferred stock on the date of issuance, which is the date the stock first became convertible.

ATM Agreements

On November 12, 2015, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “2015 ATM Agreement”) with Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”), under which the Company may offer and sell from time to time at its sole discretion shares of its common stock through Cowen as its sales agent, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $75 million. Cowen may sell the shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act, including without limitation sales made directly on The NASDAQ Global Market, on any other existing trading market for the Company’s common stock or to or through a market maker. Cowen also may sell the shares in privately negotiated transactions, subject to the Company’s prior approval. The Company will pay Cowen a commission equal to 3% of the gross proceeds of the sales price of all shares sold through it as sales agent under the 2015 ATM Agreement. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company sold a total of 110,252 shares of common stock under the ATM Agreement for aggregate gross proceeds of $0.6 million. Total offering costs of $0.2 million were offset against the proceeds upon sale of common stock.