8. Long-Term Debt and Other Financings

Novartis Note

In May 2005, the Company executed a secured note agreement (the “Note Agreement”) with Novartis, which was due and payable in full in June 2015. Under the Note Agreement, the Company borrowed semi-annually to fund up to 75% of the Company’s research and development and commercialization costs under its collaboration arrangement with Novartis, not to exceed $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount. Interest on the principal amount of the loan accrues at six-month London Interbank Offered Rate plus 2%, which was equal to 3.32% at December 31, 2016, and is payable semi-annually in June and December of each year. Additionally, the interest rate resets in June and December of each year. At the Company’s election, the semi-annual interest payments could be added to the outstanding principal amount, in lieu of a cash payment, as long as the aggregate principal amount does not exceed $50.0 million. The Company made this election for all interest payments. Accrued interest of $0.4 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million was added to the principal balance of the note for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Loans under the Note Agreement were secured by the Company’s interest in its collaboration with Novartis, including any payments owed to it thereunder. Under the terms of the arrangement as restructured in November 2008, the Company did not make any additional borrowings under the Novartis note.

In June 2015, the Company and NVDI, agreed to extend the maturity date of the Note Agreement from June 21, 2015, to September 30, 2015 (the “June 2015 Extension Letter”).

On September 30, 2015, concurrent with the execution of the License Agreement with Novartis International as discussed in Note 4, XOMA and NVDI executed an amendment to the June 2015 Extension Letter (the “Secured Note Amendment”) under which the parties further extended the maturity date of the June 2015 Extension Letter from September 30, 2015 to September 30, 2020, and eliminated the mandatory prepayment previously required to be made with certain proceeds of pre-tax profits and royalties. In addition, upon achievement of a specified development and regulatory milestone, the then-outstanding principal amount of the note will be reduced by $7.3 million rather than the Company receiving such amount as a cash payment. All other terms of the original Note Agreement remain unchanged.

As required by its obligations under the collaboration with NVDI, in January 2014, the Company made a payment, equal to 25 percent of a $7.0 million milestone received, or $1.75 million, toward its outstanding debt obligation to NVDI.

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the outstanding principal balance under this Secured Note Amendment was $14.1 million and $13.7 million, respectively, and was included in interest bearing obligations – long term in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Servier Loan Agreement

In December 2010, in connection with the Collaboration Agreement entered into with Servier, the Company executed a loan agreement with Servier (the “Servier Loan Agreement”), which provided for an advance of up to €15.0 million. The loan was fully funded in January 2011, with the proceeds converting to approximately $19.5 million at that time. The loan is secured by an interest in the Company’s intellectual property rights to all gevokizumab indications worldwide, excluding certain rights in the U.S. and Japan. Interest is calculated at a floating rate based on a Euro Inter-Bank Offered Rate and subject to a cap. The interest rate is reset semi-annually in January and July of each year. Interest for the six-month period from mid-July 2016 through mid-January 2017 was reset to 1.81%. Interest is payable semi-annually.

On January 9, 2015, Servier and the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 (“Loan Amendment”) to the Servier Loan Agreement initially entered into on December 30, 2010 and subsequently amended by a Consent, Transfer, Assumption and Amendment Agreement entered into as of August 12, 2013. The Loan Amendment extended the maturity date of the loan from January 13, 2016 to three tranches of principal to be repaid as follows: €3.0 million on January 15, 2016, €5.0 million on January 15, 2017, and €7.0 million on January 15, 2018. All other terms of the Servier Loan Agreement remained unchanged. The loan will be immediately due and payable upon certain customary events of default. In January 2016, the Company made payments of €3.0 million in principal and €0.2 million in accrued interest to Servier.

Upon initial issuance, the loan had a stated interest rate lower than the market rate based on comparable loans held by similar companies, which represents additional value to the Company. The Company recorded this additional value as a discount to the carrying value of the loan amount, at its fair value of $8.9 million. The fair value of this discount, which was determined using a discounted cash flow model, represents the differential between the stated terms and rates of the loan, and market rates. Based on the association of the loan with the collaboration arrangement, the Company recorded the offset to this discount as deferred revenue.

The loan discount was amortized to interest expense under the effective interest method over the remaining life of the loan. The loan discount balance at the time of the Loan Amendment was $1.9 million, which was being amortized over the remaining term of the Loan Amendment. The Company recorded non-cash interest expense resulting from the amortization of the loan discount of $0.6 million, $0.7 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the net carrying value of the loan was $12.2 million and $15.3 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded an unrealized foreign exchange gain of $5,000 related to the re-measurement of the loan discount. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded unrealized foreign exchange losses of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to the re-measurement of the loan discount. 

On September 28, 2015, Servier terminated the Collaboration Agreement with the required 180-day notice and none of the acceleration clauses were triggered; therefore, the termination of the Collaboration Agreement had no impact on the loan balance.

The outstanding principal balance under this loan was $12.6 million and $16.4 million, using a euro to US dollar exchange rate of 1.052 and 1.091, as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company recorded unrealized foreign exchange gains of $0.5 million, $1.9 million and $2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, related to the re-measurement of the loan.

In January 2017, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Servier Loan Agreement (“Amendment No. 3”). Amendment No. 3 extended the maturity date of the €5.0 million due on January 15, 2017 to July 15, 2017. The other terms of the loan remained unchanged.

General Electric Capital Corporation Term Loan

In December 2011, the Company entered into a loan agreement (the “GECC Loan Agreement”) with General Electric Capital Corporation (“GECC”). 

In connection with the GECC Loan Agreement, the Company issued to GECC unregistered warrants that entitle GECC to purchase up to an aggregate of 13,158 unregistered shares of XOMA common stock at an exercise price equal to $22.80 per share. These warrants were exercisable immediately and had a five-year term, which expired in December 2016. As of December 31, 2016, all of these warrants expired unexercised.

In September 2012, the Company entered into an amendment to the GECC Loan Agreement which provided for an additional term loan in the amount of $4.6 million, increasing the term loan obligation to $12.5 million (the “Amended Term Loan”). The Company incurred debt issuance costs of approximately $0.2 million and was required to make a final payment fee in the amount of $875,000 on the date upon which the outstanding principal amount was required to be repaid in full. This final payment fee replaced the original final payment fee of $500,000. The debt issuance costs and final payment fee were being amortized and accreted, respectively, to interest expense over the term of the Amended Term Loan using the effective interest method.

In connection with the amendment, on September 27, 2012 the Company issued to GECC unregistered stock purchase warrants, which entitle GECC to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,967 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $70.80 per share. These warrants are exercisable immediately and have a five-year term expiring in September 2017. As of December 31, 2016, all of these warrants were outstanding.

The Company allocated the aggregate proceeds of the GECC Term Loan between the warrants and the debt obligation based on their relative fair values. The estimated fair value of the warrants issued to GECC was determined using the Black-Scholes Model. The fair value of the warrants with the GECC Loan Agreement and the subsequent September 27, 2012 amendment had estimated fair values of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and were recorded as a discount to the debt obligation, which was amortized over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. The warrants are classified in permanent equity on the consolidated balance sheets.

The GECC Term Loan was paid in full on February 27, 2015, when Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. (“Hercules”) and the Company entered into a loan and security agreement (the “Hercules Term Loan”), under which the Company borrowed $20.0 million. The Company used a portion of the proceeds under the Hercules Term Loan to repay GECC’s outstanding principle balance, final payment fee, prepayment fee, and accrued interest totaling $5.5 million. A loss on extinguishment of $0.4 million from the payoff of the GECC Term Loan was recognized as interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2015.

Hercules Term Loan

On February 27, 2015 (“Closing Date”), the Company entered into the Hercules Term Loan as described above. The Hercules Term Loan has a variable interest rate that is the greater of either (i) 9.40% plus the prime rate as reported from time to time in The Wall Street Journal minus 7.25%, or (ii) 9.40%. The payments under the Hercules Term Loan were interest only until June 1, 2016 . The interest-only period was followed by equal monthly payments of principal and interest amortized over a 30-month schedule through the scheduled maturity date of September 1, 2018. As security for its obligations under the Hercules Term Loan, the Company granted a security interest in substantially all of its existing and after-acquired assets, excluding its intellectual property assets.

If the Company prepays the loan prior to the loan maturity date, it may pay Hercules a prepayment charge, based on a prepayment fee equal to 3.00% of the amount prepaid, if the prepayment occurs in any of the first 12 months following the Closing Date, 2.00% of the amount prepaid, if the prepayment occurs after 12 months from the Closing Date but prior to 24 months from the Closing Date, and 1.00% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after 24 months from the Closing Date. The Hercules Term Loan includes certain affirmative and restrictive covenants, but does not include any financial covenants, and also includes standard events of default, including payment defaults. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, a default interest rate of an additional 5% may be applied to the outstanding loan balances, and Hercules may subjectively accelerate all outstanding obligations to be immediately due and payable, and take such other actions as set forth in the Hercules Term Loan.

The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $0.5 million in connection with the Hercules Term Loan. The Company will be required to pay a final payment fee equal to $1.2 million on the maturity date, or such earlier date as the term loan is paid in full. The debt issuance costs and final payment fee are being amortized and accreted, respectively, to interest expense over the term of the term loan using the effective interest method. The Company recorded non-cash interest expense resulting from the amortization of the debt issuance costs and accretion of the final payment of $0.7 million and $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In connection with the Hercules Term Loan, the Company issued unregistered warrants that entitle Hercules to purchase up to an aggregate of 9,063 unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $66.20 per share. These warrants were exercisable immediately and have a five-year term expiring in February 2020. The Company allocated the aggregate proceeds of the Hercules Term Loan between the warrants and the debt obligation. The fair value of the warrants issued to Hercules was determined using the Black-Scholes Model and was estimated to be $0.5 million. The estimated fair value of the warrants was recorded as a discount to the debt obligation. The debt discount is being amortized over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. The warrants are classified in stockholders’ (deficit) on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2016, all of these warrants were outstanding.

On December 21, 2016, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 (the “Amendment”) to the Hercules Term Loan. Under the Amendment, Hercules agreed to release its security interest in the assets subject to the Acquisition Agreements described in Note 4 above. In turn, in January 2017, the Company paid $10.0 million of the outstanding principal balance owed to Hercules. This amount was included in current interest bearing obligations as of December 31, 2016. All other terms of the Hercules Term Loan remain unchanged. The Company determined the Amendment resulted in a debt modification. As a result, the term loan will continue to be accounted for using the effective interest method, with a new effective interest rate based on revised cash flows calculated on a prospective basis upon the execution of the Amendment.

The Company evaluated the Hercules Term Loan in accordance with accounting guidance for derivatives and determined there was de minimis value to the identified derivative features of the loan at inception and December 31, 2016 and 2015.

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the outstanding principal balance of the Hercules Term Loan was $17.5 million and $20.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the net carrying value of the Hercules Term Loan was $16.9 million and $19.7 million, respectively.

Aggregate future principal, final fee payments and discounts of the Company’s total interest bearing obligations are as follows (in thousands):

Interest Expense

Amortization of debt issuance costs and discounts are included in interest expense. Interest expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 relates to the following debt instruments (in thousands):